The Correlation Between Economic Growth And The...

One of the most highly controversial topics of our time has been about the environment, whose quality is not indicated in the measure of GDP. Some scholars say that there is nothing wrong with our current natural ecosystem and that we should not worry, other scholars say that we should be more concerned about our environment today than we ever were. Many studies were done to validate both these hypotheses which left people divided, but it is always better to be safe than sorry. Economists have found the correlation between economic growth and the deterioration of our environment: â€Å"In the quest for high rates of GDP, the human cost of producing goods and services is not set against the market value of those items.† (Mahadea and Rawat, 2008). In other words, there is a constant trade-off between sustaining economic growth and maintaining the natural ecosystem. As stated earlier, producers are unwilling to give up their opportunity to gain more profits for the sake of sustai nability. We should understand the insignificance of overproducing and having a high GDP if in actuality the living conditions are not as good as the GDP depicts it. Economists D. Mahadea and T. Rawat investigated the relationship between economic growth and happiness in which they found that although being rich does make an individual happy, this extra income would not have the ability to purchase happiness once an income threshold is reached, especially in developed countries. They concluded thatShow MoreRelatedThe Reciprocal Relationship between Economic Development and Human Rights1218 Words   |  5 PagesThe Reciprocal Relationship Between Economic Development and Human Rights Recent years and the continued spread of globalization have illuminated a frequent connection between the process of economic development and the deterioration of human rights. With trade liberalization occupying a significant role in the strategy for creating a world economy and community, concern over the erosion of such fundamental rights as those relating to labor and environmental protections have dominated the globalizationRead MoreMacroeconomic Variables Affecting a Business Environment2192 Words   |  9 PagesVARIABLES AFFECTING A NAMED BUSINESS ENVIRONMENT. HOW CAN THESE BE REGULATED? INTRODUCTION In todays world, no business operates in isolation without interacting with the environment where it operates. Irrespective of the nature of business whether public or private organization; manufacturing; service industry; local or international firm, its operations are inhibited by the environment in which it operates. During 2003-2007, Nigeria attempted to implement an Economic Empowerment Development StrategyRead MoreConsumption And Capitalism Are Necessary For Economic Growth1752 Words   |  8 Pagesnecessary for economic growth, it has been shown that in doing so, we are depleting our natural resources and heading towards global collapse. Moreover, many argue that a completely sustainable society is too idealistic of a goal and that we will never reach it. Whereas it may be impossible to attain a completely sustainable society, the closer we are to reaching one, the greater we can minimize the rate of inevitable environmental collapse. Therefore it is imperative that we compromise our current habitsRead MoreThe Value Of A Nation s Output Essay1835 Words   |  8 PagesThe idea of â€Å"not having enough† daunts us humans – in fact, we came up with economics, the study of scarcity. Beyond studying the allocation of resources, economists also aim to measure output and productivit y. The measure of output has become highly relevant today and it is treated as a ‘score’ between economies. Intuitively, the higher the output, the better. A nation’s output is measured as their gross domestic product, which takes into the account the spending of households, firms, governmentsRead MoreInstitutional Environment and Growth in Brazil6166 Words   |  25 Pagesresults 10 8 Conclusion 15 9 Bibliography 17 Introduction The prosperity and wealth of nations are closely linked with economic growth. Accelerating the development of economic growth in a sustained way is therefore one of the most important issues in economics. Economists have long used a variety of approaches to shed light on why some countries experience faster growth than others. In the vast amount of literature on the subject there are three schools that stand out in particular. First, thereRead MoreLong Term Development Policy Paper5988 Words   |  24 Pagespolicy is conditioning the behavior of investment decisions? Does the current policy deliver what stakeholders want in the future? What will the future facility infrastructure look like if nothing is changed? The criteria and factors involved require our model have key competences to capture the dynamics of investment decisions and the prevailing tendencies fundamental to the uncertainties policy makers confront. The system behavior must be revealed in a manner that specific policies could be analyzedRead MoreMeasuring Gross Income Data Is A Measure Of Economic Welfare1871 Words   |  8 PagesEvaluate the extent to which Gross Income Data is a measure of economic welfare. Morven Chan Economic welfare is defined as the level prosperity and financial satisfaction of participants in an economy. Economic welfare can often be assessed through statistics such as the level of employment. National income statistics is defined as the value of goods and services produced in an economic system over a period of time. National Income can be broken down into four different parts which include GrossRead MoreProgression vs Conservation-From the View Point of Third World Countries3064 Words   |  13 Pagesindustrial development and economic progression among third world countries in the 21st century. (â€Å"The Economy Vs. Environment Debate,† n.d.) There seemingly appears to be conflict between the act of progressing in terms of development and conservation. Our world has been rapidly changing over the past decade. This is due to the fact that the Industrial Revolution took place towards the end of the 18th century, covering the span of the early 19th century. (â€Å"The Economy Vs. Environment Debate,† n.d.) TheRead MorePhilippines Underdevelopment5539 Words   |  23 PagesCHAPTER I INTRODUCTION For more than years, Philippine is saddled with huge challenges on how to find a concrete strategy to cope up economic depression, mainly the main reason that analysts could see is the drastic population density that leads to various implications like poverty (the main symptoms of having overpopulation and every country’s problem that almost all cannot resolved), poor governance that results rampant corruption from public officials, colonial mentality also blocks progressionRead MoreThe Capital And Recurrent Expenditure On Human Capital Development3676 Words   |  15 PagesUzochukwu Uchechukwu (B.Sc) Email: uzlutus@yahoo.com Izilein, Elizabeth I. (Mrs) Ph.D Department of Economics and Statistics, University of Benin, Benin City Email: eiokojie@gmail.com, elizabeth.izilein@uniben.edu, eiokojie@yahoo.com ABSTRACT This paper seeks to compare and contrast various trends in the capital and recurrent expenditure on human capital development in Nigeria between the years 1981 and 2010. The data used for the study are from secondary sources: Central Bank of Nigeria

Malthus And Africa Free Essays

Africa, being a third world country with much economic oppression, is currently being debated in the General Assembly about whether or not it should have population control. Many experts believe that, if not controlled, the rate of the increasing population of Africa will have disastrous effects. Over two hundred years ago, a man by the name of Thomas Robert Malthus wrote an essay on the effects of population and the food supply titled  «An Essay on the Principle of Population. We will write a custom essay sample on Malthus And Africa or any similar topic only for you Order Now  » This essay dealt with the growth of population and if not restrained, how it would destroy man’s subsistence here on Earth (Geyer 1). Much of what he wrote applies to not only Africa, but also the entire world today. Currently, the population growth in the Western Nations is approaching zero. This means that each family is having 2. 1 children, enough to replace the current population. For North America to double, it would take one hundred years, for Europe, two hundred. But for Africa to double, it would take only twenty-four years. There are many factors as to why Africa, and many other third world countries, reproduces at such a rate. Lack of contraceptives, traditional values, high infant mortality, and poor education are a few of these actors (Duffey 2).  «It is a lot easier for a country to deal with its problems if it has less people, » says Brian Hailwel, who studies Malthus’s theories (Kolasky 1). Carl Haub who stated,  «It is almost impossible for a developing country to move from the Third World to the First World when their population is rising so rapidly » supports Hailwel’s statement. Malthus believed that the evolution of mankind existed in cycles. Good times occurred when there were high wages and good living conditions, which led to early marriages and rapid population increase. Then come the bad times. Disease, low ages, and epidemics lead to population decrease and a restored balance between population and resources. This cycle then repeats (Stundbia 4). He also felt that the Poor Laws, which attempted to support those whose incomes were too low to support themselves, were in the long run more harmful than helpful. This just leads to lower wages and families that can not support the children they already have bearing more. Many people seem to think that war, famine, and plague will help keep the world’s population restrained. These disasters are one of the two checks on the growth of population that Malthus identifies in  «An Essay on he Principle of Population.  » He called these two checks positive checks and preventative checks. Positive checks are famine, disease, and wars while preventive checks are celibacy, abortion, and late marriages. Africa participates very little in the second check Malthus identifies due to previously stated reasons. When Malthus wrote his essay, he did not take into account the impact technology would have on food production. Due to the  «Green Revolution » which brought about the tractor, refrigeration, chemical fertilizers, and genetic engineering, there was a tremendous increase in food production. Until the mid-eighties, food production kept up with population growth. Since then, it has been steadily declining. Grain production is declining due to soil erosion, waterlogging and salting of irrigated land, air pollution, water shortages, and overuse of land (Berntsen 3). Technological advances compensated for the loss of farmland. Even though less land can be used, more food is being produced. Unfortunately, there are many indications that the world is, at present, producing the maximum amount of food it is capable of. The combined effect of the loss of farmland and the peaking of yield er acre impose limitations. The same problem is in occurrence for the meat production. Nearly all of the world’s rangelands are in use. Seventy-percent of the world’s annual meat is range fed while the other thirty-percent is grain fed. The only room for growth is in the grain fed, and that is estimated to only grow another forty-two percent (Berntsen 2). Fish are also on the decline as a reliable resource for food. The destruction of spawning grounds and the use of mile-long nylon nets has caused the overharvesting of the ocean. A five- percent increase is optimistic (Berntsen 3). The result of the present being the peak in food production while the population is still growing is frightening. If food were to be distributed equally, the food supply would be ten pounds per week. Currently, Americans eat seventeen pounds of food per week. When the world population reaches approximately eleven billion in the year 2050, the food supply will be six to seven pounds per week, which is below the level of food people eat who live in poverty today (Berntsen 1). Malthus believed that three things cause the decline of living conditions: the overpopulation of young; the nability of resources to keep up with the rising human population; and the irresponsibility of the lower class (Simison 2). Malthus suggested a regulation on the size of families of the lower class to fight this. Tunisia, which is located in Northern Africa, has introduced birth control with remarkable results. If overpopulation is not checked, it leads to the crowding of people and the fight for food and water. This, in turn, leads to genocide and other means that are normally considered inappropriate as acceptable (Geyer 2). Equilibrium is what Malthus thought population should achieve. This is where the birth rate equals the death rate. When this is reached, wages will stay the same and any disturbances caused will have compensating changes (Stundbia 5). Malthus, who is credited for this idea, did not think the human population would ever achieve it. He figured that it would be exceeded, a positive check would result, and the cycle would start all over again. Taking Malthus’s theories into account, the only thing that will help Africa economically is for the population to be repressed. In fact, for the next generation or two, the reproduction level should be below the replacement rate. This dramatically decreases the population, therefore increasing the chances it has to grow and develop. If Africa’s population is not repressed, there will not be enough food to feed the people living there. Even First World countries will be unable to help, because they will need all the food they can produce. A gruesome famine will occur, with thousands dead. Africa will experience a major setback and may possibly never recover. I believe that much of Malthus’s theory is correct. Much of the data he used in the seventeen hundreds was incorrect, but his ideas still apply. The cycles he explained have proven to occur. Almost all of the world’s land that can be used is being used to produce the maximum yield. Scientists have predicted the world’s growth to reach eleven billion by the year 2050 if left unchecked. Many have also agreed that the maximum food supply is being produced. If countries such as Africa, whose population tripled from 1950 to today, do not curb their population growth, there will not be enough food to feed them, much less countries that are considerable better off economically. I also think that if Africa were to be educated and there was less oppression, the result would be lower population growth. The idea of allowing families to have only a certain amount of children is morally wrong. Some people seem to think that Malthus’s ideas are extinct and do not apply to the world today. They consider him and what he thought to be dead. But, as Pablo Neruda once said,  «Everything that is buried is not dead » (Geyer 1). He is still alive because his theories can still be applied to today. The consequences of not considering Malthus’s theory as a real threat are too great. For life to exist as we know it, population must be repressed. If not, man’s subsistence will be extinct. How to cite Malthus And Africa, Essay examples

Essay Obama Speech Essay Example For Students

Essay Obama Speech Essay Analysis and interpretation Obamas speech (Groundbreaking Ceremony of the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. National Memorial) Everybody is fighting for ones personal rights. Some believe that it is their right to oppress others. Finally, there are those who fight for the rights of others. Many leaders have tried to stop oppression but the minority has succeeded. Not many are being compared to Moses and even fewer are being celebrated at memorial services when its over forty years since one left us. Americas current President, Barack Obama, has his focus on one of the greatest orators in American history, in his peech at the Groundbreaking Ceremony of the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. National Memorial (2006). In the following, I will analyze and interpret Obamas memorial speech. My main-focus will be aimed at Obamas personal opinion about Martin Luther, and his use of similar rhetorical instruments as Martin Luther did. The main topic in Obamas speech is the struggle for freedom and equality of opportunity in America. He emphasizes this by making the speech focus on the activist Martin Luther, who according to the majority of Americas population is the definition of liberty. Since there are a lot of parallels between Martin Luther and the truggle for freedom, and that the struggle is an issue Obama also attaches great political importance to, it is obvious and a well-chosen subject he clarifies. His intention is not to rally support for a movement or to criticize the republican part of the government. Its simply a tribute to remind Martin Luther and his operations and to create a sense of community. Just as Martin Luther King Jr. did in his speech l have a dream. They both do it aware that a large community will go far. Obama presents the speech at the Groundbreaking ceremony of the Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. National Memorial. Given that Obama and Martin Luther supports the same values, I could imagine that most, who attend the Martin Luther King memorial, are supporters of Obamas policies. Therefor it is an important day under great circumstances for Obama to show up and make socialistic supporters remember what he and they themselves are fighting to reach. Furthermore, Obama has the opportunity to create a sense of community, because the audience most likely is affected by the reminding of one of the greatest orators in American history Martin Luther King who also is one of the reasons why the American society has become as equalized as it is. In short, its a day where the financial crisis isnt the audiences main-focus. The language In Obamas speech at the National Ceremony is build of coordinating sentences with a small vocabulary and a small amount of loan words. This is because of the informal, relaxed circumstances and audience. Again his intention is not to convey supporters, its a speech in memory of a essential chapter of American History. I also assume that the small amount of loan words is due to the susceptible to a simple and straightforward vocabulary, which constitutes a clear message. Of course, it is a memorial ceremony and therefor a must that it appeals to ommon Americans. Even though the subject already has an emotional impact on the crowd, he makes use of the appeal form, pathos. He does this by being rather personal. He puts the whole speech up on the basis of his closest family. He expresses his personal view of Martin Luther by explaining how he would respond to her daughter if she asked about who Martin Luther King was. In addition, his using warm and personal words such as daddy, a lot of positive-loaded adjectives and being very describing. For example when it says and reading the quotes on the wall together as the water falls like rain. which is a situation everyone can imagine and dream up. In the speech Obama is using many of the same rhetorical devices as Martin Luther King Jr. id. Obama makes use of repetitions, which Luther did in his speech l Have A Dream. Obama says l imagine us walking down to this and I picture us walking beneath . This strengthens the message and creates a sense of community. He compares what Martin Luther did with Moses acts, which are an allusion and a reference that is already loaded with built-in emotion. Like Moses before him, he would never live to see the Promised Land. By using antithesis he is rawing our attention to different ways of seeing life land in which strength is defined not simply by the capacity to wage war but by the determination to forge peace. Through the use of these similar rhetorical instruments as Martin Luther King used, Obama establishes a direct line between Martin Luther King and himself in the struggle for freedom and equality of opportunity in America. Overall, the speech is a beautiful tribute in honor of Martin Luther King and his epochal operations a tribute that reminds the American population of a leader who stood up against inequality and segregation.